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PROCEEDINGS 



THE MEETING OF DELEGATES 



FROM THE 



SOUTHERN EIGHTS ASSOCIATIONS 



SOUTH CAROLINA. 



HELD AT CHARLESTON, MAV, 1851. 



COLUMBIA: 

PRINTED BY JOHNSTON & CAVIS, 

1851. 



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MEETING OF DELEGATES 



FROM THE 



SOUTHERI RIGHTS ASSOCIATIONS 

OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 



The Delegates from the Southern Rights Associations of South 
Carolina assembled at Charleston this day, May 6, 1851. 

On motion by Gen. J. H. Ad^ms, of Richland, Gen. John Bucha- 
nan, of Fairfield, was called to the Chair, and Wm. H. Campbell, of 
Greenville, and Chas. A. Price, of Kershaw, appointed Secretaries. 

On motion by Gen. Adams, the Delegates were enrolled by districts. 

[The List will be found at the end of the Proceedings.] 

Mr. Lyles, of Fairfield, moved that a Committee of Fifteen be ap- 
pointed to recommend officers and frame rules for the government of 
the meeting; which was agreed to, and the following gentlemen 
were designated by the Chair as said committee, viz : 

W. S. Lyles, Fairfield; A. C. Spain, Claremont; A. Manigault, P. 
Delia Torre, St. Philip and St. Michaels; B.Perry, St. Bartholo- 
mews; A. Q. Dunovant, Chester; J. H. Witherspoon, Lancaster; D. 
Nance, Newberry ; E. Noble, Abbeville ; P. L. Calhoun, Laurens; 
Jeremiah Dargan, Darlington; Richard Dozier, Winyah; R. T. 
Mims, Edgefield ; Dr. Metts, Union ; Thos. Lang, Kershaw. 



The Committee, after a short absence, reported by their Chairman, 
Mr. Ltles, the following gentlemen as officers of the Meeting : 

For President. 
Ex-Gov. J. P. RICHARDSON. 

Vice Presidents. 



Ex-Gov. W. B. SEABROOK, 
Hon. J. S. ASHE, 
Hon. N. L. GRIFFIN, 
Dr. J. A. SIMPSON. 



Col. R. H. GOODWYN, 
Ex-Gov. B. K. HENNEGAN, 
Col. W. H. GIST, 



Secretaries, 



W. H. CAMPBELL, 
C. A. PRICE, 
T. B. ERASER, 



A. SIMKINS, 
C. D. MELTON, 
J. C. WALKER. 



The report of the Committee was adopted unanimously ; and the 
President beirig conducted to the chair, addressed the meeting at 
some length, and with great power and eloquence, in reference to the 
causes and the objects of its assemblage. 

The committee also reported rules for the government of the Meet- 
ing, the consideration of which was postponed until to-morrow. 

On motion by Mr. H. Peronneau Finley, it was resolved that the 
daily sessions should be opened with prayer, and the Committee of Ar- 
rangements were requested to secure the services of clergymen of diflFe- 
rent denominations for that purpose. 

The Rev. Dr. Someks, being present, was called on, and delivered a 
fervent and impressive prayer. 

Hon. JouN E. Caeew. having stated that the Southern Rights As- 
sociation of Burko county, Ga., had appointed a delegation to visit the 
Meeting, it was, on his motion, unanimously resolved that a committee 
be appointed to wait upon the delegation from Georgia, and invite 
them to seats upon the floor. 

The President appointed the following gentlemen as the committee, 
viz: Hon. John E. Care w, Hon. James Simons, James Rose, Esq., 
and Col. A. H. Gladden. 

The Meeting then adjourned until 10 o'clock, to-morrow morning. 



TUESDAY, May 6, 1851. 

The Delegates assemWed at 10 o'clock, A. M., pursuant to adjourn- 
ment, and the session was opened with prayer by the Eev. Dr. Bach- 
man. 

The unfinished business, which was the report of the Committee on 
Rules, was then taken up, and after a brief discussion the report was 
agreed to. 

Col. Maxcy Gregg then rose and said that the meeting had as- 
sembled for a very broad and general purpose — that of consultatiof , 
and the objects to be embraced by it could have no limit except the 
objects for which the Southern Rights Associations were formed. In 
deliberative bodies the appointment of committees, to which the va- 
rious matters brought before them could be referred, to be placed in a 
shape to be efficiently acted on, was found greatly to facilitate business, 
and he rose for the purpose of moving the appointment of such a com- 
mittee. He then sent to the Chair the following resolution : 

Resolved, That a committee of 21 members be appointed by the 
Chair, to prepare and report business to be submitted to this meeting ; 
and that all propositions which may be introduced in this body shall 
be referred, without previous debate, to the said committee for consid- 
eration. 

The resolution was adopted, and in pursuance thereof the Chair ap- 
pointed the following gentlemen as the committee : 

Maxcy Grregg, Richland; D. F. Jamison, Orangeburg; Jas. Jones, 
Edgefield ; H. Peronneau Finley and P. Delia Torre, St. Philip and 
St. Michael; Jno. S. Palmer, St. Stephens; Jas. Chesnut, jr., Kershaw; 
J. A. Bradley, Chester; F. D. Richardson, Sumter; J. A. Calhoun, 
Abbeville ; T. B. Haynes worth, Darlington ; Gr. Manigault, Prince 
George Winyaw ; B. K. Hennegan, Marion ; J. S. Maner, St. Peters ; 
J. G. W. Duncan, Barnwell; W. H. Gist, Union; W.B.Wilson, 
York ; J. H. Williams, Newberry ; R. A. Maxwell, Anderson; J. D. 
Wright, Laurens ; Tandy Walker, Greenville. 

Mr. John D. Wright, of Laurens, submitted the following pream- 
ble and resolutions ; which were referred to the Standing Committee : 

Whereas a crisis has arrived in the history of our country, calling 
for some decisive action on the part of the friends of the South : 

1. Resolved, That conciliation is a virtue, and co-operation desira- 
ble ; but that, if need be, separate State action is the rightful remedy, 
to which, or to any eff'ectual measure of resistance by the Constitutional 
Convention, we pledge our all. 



6 

2. Resolved, That more effectually to secure the co-operation de- 
sired, a State Southern Rights Association be organized by this Con- 
vention, to be composed of Delegates from each Association in this 
State, which shall meet semi-annually at Coluftibia. 

3. Resolved, That each Southern Rights Association in the State 
be requested to call a meeting of their members as early as practicable, 
and ascertain the names and number of members over the age of 17 
and under 40, and all over the age of 40, and keep a roll of the same 
separately, to be reported to the State Association semi-annually. 

4. Resolved, That the President of this Convention appoint a com- 
mittee of , to prepare an Address to the Southern Rights Asso- 
ciations of the other States, inviting them to meet us in Convention, at 
, on the — day of . 

Mr. E. Rhett, from the St. Helena Association, submitted a resolu- 
tion that the Associations should be called in their alphabetical order, 
to enable the members to submit their propositions for the considera- 
tion of the Meeting ; which was agreed to. 

The delegations were then called over in alphabetical order, and the 
following propositions were submitted and referred to the Standing 
Committee of Twenty-one : 

By Hon. J. L. Orr, of Anderson : 

Resolved, That the State Convention called at the late session of 
the Legislature of South Carolina, in our opinion, should be assembled 
by order of the next Legislature ; that we have implicit confidence in 
the wisdom, fidelity and patriotism, of the delegates elect-, and pledge 
ourselves to sustain the final action of the Convention ; and that we 
consider it inexpedient to dictate or suggest to the members thereof 
the mode and measure of redress for the many grievances inflicted on 
us by the Federal Government. 

Major J. D. Allen, of Barnwell, submitted a preamble and resolu- 
tions ; which, on his suggestion, without being read, were referred to 
the committee. 

By Mr. McCall, of Fairfield, the following resolutions : [adopted 
by the Southern Rights Association of Fairfield District.] 

Resolved, That in the opinion of this Meeting the right of a State 
to secede is not an open question. 

Resolved, That in the opinion of this Meeting the State Convention 
should take decisive action on the question before its final adjourn- 
ment. 

Mr. Price, of Kershaw, submitted resolutions; which, without being 
read, were referred. 



By Mr. Maniqault, of Prince George Winyaw : 

Resolved, That although the co-operation of the neighboring States 
be desirable, it is not indispensable for our relief from the burden of a 
usurping and tyrannical Government. 

By Mr. Edmund Rhett, from the St. Helena Association : 

Resolved, That in the opinion of this Convention the institutions of 
South Carolina are no longer safe under the Constitution, nor in the 
Union. 

2. That the concert of the Southern States in any systematic and 
decisive resistance to tbe power of the General Government has been 
hitherto sought in vain. 

3. That the only effective call upon the South must be by the appeal 
of a practical issue. 

4. That the committee to whom these resolutions are referred be 
instructed, in the name of the Convention, to memorialize the Legisla- 
ture of the State to convene the State Convention at the earliest period 
practicable, after the 1st of February, 1852, for the purpose of decla- 
ring South Carolina an independent State. 

By Mr. Fickling,' in behalf of the Southern Rights Association of 
St. Lukes : 

1. Resolved, That the right of secession is one of the sovereign 
rights of the States composing the Confederacy of States known as 
the United States of America, to be exercised by any State at its dis- 
cretion. 

2. Resolved, That a crisis has arrived which imperatively demands 
the exercise of that right by the State of South Carolina. 

3. Resolved, That in postponing the exercise of this, even for a limit- 
ed period, this State is actuated by a spirit of conciliation, and a de- 
sire to afford to the other Southern States an opportunity for co-opera- 
tion. 

4. Resolved, That so soon as it shall appear that there is no rea- 
sonable hope of co-operation on the part of any other Southern State, 
the interests and the honor of South Carolina imperatively demand 
that she shall forthwith proceed to withdraw herself from the Union. 

5. Resolved, That this Convention can see no possible reason for 
postponing the action of this State beyond the month of January next, 

Mr. Badger, of the York Association, submitted the following : 

Resolved, Action. 

Mr. A. J. White moved that a committee of nine be appointed to make 
suitable arrangements for the accommodation of the Meeting; which was 
adopted, and the Chair appointed the following gentlemen the commit- 
tee: 



s- 

A. J. White, John C. Walker, .Wm. Blanding, J. F. Poppenheim, 
Robt. W. Hare, A. Manigault, J. M. Caldwell, Wm. E. Martin, Geo. 
N. Reynolds. 

Mr. Gregg moved that when the meeting adjourned, it should be 
«ntil 4 P. M., which was agreed to; and then, on his motion, the 
meeting adjourned. 



AFTERNOON SESSION. 

The meeting was called to order by the President, pursuant to ad- 
journment, at 4 o'clock. 

Mr. G. A. Trenholm stated that he had in his possession a letter 
from Hon. Langdon Cheves, addressed to the meeting, which he 
asked permission to have read. This was agreed to, and the letter 
was read by Mr. Trenholm, as follows : 

Plantation, (Ogeechee,) 1st May, 1851. 

My dear Sir : I have been appointed a Delegate of the Southern 
Rights Association of St. Philips and St. Michaels, and also of the 
Indian Land Association of York District, to the Convention to be 
held in your city on Monday next ; and it was my wish and intention to 
have attended the Convention in obedience to these calls, but 1 cannot 
(do so without neglecting private business of my own of importance, 
which admits of no delay, and which cannot be well accomplished 
without my personal attention. This business, however pressing and 
important, should have been superseded by the public call, if I could 
have believed that my attendance at the Convention could be of any 
material importance ; but I am well satisfied that it could not, My 
general views of the grievances of the South, and of the subversion of 
the Constitution of the United States, are fully known to the public, 
and will weigh for what they are worth, as eti'ectually as if I were 
again to declare them. 

The object of the Convention I understand to be, to declare whe- 
ther, in the opinion of the Convention, South Carolina ought to secede 
from the Union alone, and without the concurrent action of any other 
of the Southern States. My opinion on the propriety of the separate 
action of one Southern State, and particularly of South Carolina, has 
been long known. There is no man in the country who feels more 
sensibly than I do the danger, the dishonor, the infamy of the condi- 
tion of the South. No man is more entirely convinced of the justice^ 



the constitutional right, and the political expediency of the withdrawal 
of the Southern States from that Union by which they are enthralled, 
and which cannot fail, while it subsists, to bring on them further and 
future danger, oppression and infamy. I am satisfied that history fur- 
nishes no example of such disreputable submission as that which they 
now exhibit. The philosophy of liberty is jealousy. The proper ac- 
tion of patriotism is the earliest possible resistance to the slightest 
encroachment on the public rights. The lovers of liberty snuff the 
tainted breeze of tyranny in the distant gale, and do not wait for the 
overwhelming power of the storm. But we tamely endure the full 
blast of the injuries and insults so profusely poured upon us. .We 
hug our chains with something approaching to fondness, and submit 
to be governed by our bitter enemies ; and yet it is only necessary to 
will it to rend those chains, and to be " redeemed, regenerated and 
disenthralled." As a citizen of the South, I feel humiliated into the 
very dust. Yet I am not of opinion that South Carolina should se- 
cede alone. Nor do I think thus on account of the dangers it may 
provoke, or the sacrifices it may require. No dangers and no sacri- 
fices can be too great in such a cause. But one State of the South 
cannot stand alone in the midst of her sister States. These States 
form one family in interest, in blood, in feeling, and in endearing social 
and historical relations and recollections ; and such ties ought not to 
be broken but by dire necessity. South Carolina, I know, has been 
grossly slandered and vilified for what no dispassionate man can say is 
rash or unwise. She has done no more than proclaim the Southern 
wrongs, and who can deny them, and to express a desire to unite with 
her sister States in resisting them. She will be wrong, however, Iq 
my poor opinion, if she separate alone from them in her measures of 
resistance. But it may be said they have not proposed to do what 
the honor and interest of all require to be done to redeem the charac- 
ter and to sustain the rights of the South. It is most true aad deeply 
to be lamented ; but we are but one member of this large family, and 
have no right to dictate authoritatively to the other members of the 
family. We must wait upon them, and entreat them to move. We 
should use no language of irritation. We must look with forbearance 
on their tardiness : 

" Be to their faults a little blind, 

He to their virtues very kind, 

And put a padlock on the mind," as to the past. 

The people of our Southern sisters are a brave people, whoso fath- 
ers fought for liberty, who themselves were born and nurtured in the 
enjoyment of it, and who, therefore, know the value of it. It cannot 



10 

bo believed that such a people will long consent to be governed other- 
wise than by a government in wliich they shall enjoy equal rights, 
equal power, and equal honors. They have been deceived and betray- 
ed. They must and will hearken to other counsellors than those to 
whom they have hitherto listened. The, South must ai^d will rouse 
from its slumbers, and mainly rely upon the Democracy of the coun- 
try. The Democratic party once already, under the guidance of Jef- 
ferson, in 1798, saved the South from the ambition and toils of Fede- 
ralism. We now contend against the same people, but with these 
differences : The leading Federalists were then high, honorable, able 
men, who were ambitious to govern you, but whose ambition was no- 
ble, and, therefore, scarce a crime, though dangerous to the true prin- 
ciples of our Union. These men have gone down to the grave, or 
have been proscribed and discarded by their unworthy associates — 
men with more than their ambition, but none of their virtues or talents. 
The great object of the old Federalists was a strong, but honest Gov- 
ernment. That of their successors is an anarchical tyranny, regard- 
less of the provisions of the Constitution for the security of Southern 
rights, and animated by the principles of abolition, and the phrcnsy of 
fanaticism. Let the Democratic party, then, which rallied under the 
wise guidance and foresight of Jefferson, and saved the South, again 
put forth its strength. It embraces the great power of the Southern 
States. Even the Whigs. of the South are Democrats, though in a 
false position, in which accident has placed them, and, freed of that, 
they will appear under their old flag. The Whig party is now no 
longer that of which they were members. It was a party founded on 
the details of the politics of the day, on the comparatively small mea- 
sures of the moment, and upon the candidates for Federal offices* 
The present moment is one of life or death to the South, and that 
party is not now contending for these old objects, but to conquer the 
South, and to abolish her most important and valuable institutions. 
If there are Whigs at the South who will still adhere to them, tbey 
are few and can be spared. We shall be strong enough, if true to 
ourselves, without them. It is only necessary that the Democratic 
party act vigorously, zealously and perseveringly, and the principles of 
the South will be triumphant. If we have souls in our bosoms, can it 
be otherwise ? 

The consummation so devoutly wished may not be accomplished in 
a day or a year ; but let the party of the South persevere, and the 
result is inevitable. This will be true of Virginia and Georgia, as well 
as of other States. Let no one believe that the recent acts of these 
States truly express the will and determination of the people of these 



11 

States. They will take new counsel, and finally be governed by their 
old principles. Let the question be distinctly put, at the polls, to 
the people, whether they will submit to the present subversion of their 
rights, and the present degradation of the Southern people, and I 
think the result is not questionable. The question is really one be- 
tween the South and the North, and whether we shall be governed ab- 
solutely, now and forever, by a people whose avowed objects are to an- 
nihilate us. 

I have finally, my dear sir, to ask the favor of yoii to communicate 
this letter to the Convention, if you be a member of it, which I be- 
lieve you are ; or, if not, to engage some other hand to do so. My 
object is to show to those who appointed me that their delegate, though 
unable personally to attend the Convention, has not been wholly un- 
mindful of his duty to them. 

I am, my dear sir, with great respect and esteem, your obedient 
servant, 

LANODON CHEVES. 

Gr. A. Trenholm, Esq., Charleston, S. C. 

P. S. Since writing the above, I have seen it intimated that thsi 
Convention will be called upon to act much more largely than was at 
first suggested, upon the difficult questions between the South and the 
General Government. If it shall do so, I have no doubt the action 
will be unfortunate. It will, among other evils, divide the people of 
the State into parlies, instead of presenting that unanimity which 
now does it so much credit, and will probably, under future contingen- 
cies, give it much strength. The great activity and zeal of South 
Carolina have destroyed her moral and political influence. That zeal 
and activity were not eondemnable in themselves, but, under actual 
circumstances, were impolitic. It was slanderously called ambition, 
and a desire to dictate, and excited the jealousy of other States. 
Measures, right and proper and patriotic, were condemned simply 
because they came from South Carolina; and every dastard has jus- 
tified his recreancy under this prejudiced and slanderous condemna- 
tion. If South Carolina be wise, she will wait upon her sister States 
yet a long while. Let her be prepared to act, but leave other States 
time to deliberate and determine for themselves. Great changes must 
take place in the sentiments of the Southern people, or history is a 
fiction, and the nature of man has changed. Let South Carolina be 
prepared to join other States ; but she cannot go foremost without in- 
juring her own and the common cause. 

There has been, I think, another error in the management of our 



12 

great controversy, (not peculiar to South Carolina.) We have had 
too many Conventions. Such assemblages are proper, and only pro- 
per, on great occasions, when the sense of the people is doubtful. In 
almost all, if not all, other occasions, the organized power of Govern- 
ment is the safest ground of reliance; It is parti-jularly so in this 
case, which is a case of usurpation and tyranny on the part of the 
General Government; and our wise ancestors, with great jealousy, re- 
served and secured the independence of the States as a proper power 
to control the ambition of the Federal Government when it might 
arise ; and our great error and misfortune has been, that we have al- 
lowed the State Governments to be virtually nullified by not calling 
them early and vigorously into action. A concert between the State 
Governments is the great want of the South at this time, and this 
great object will best be attained by the Legislative and Executive 
functionaries of their respective Governments. 
The letter was then ordered to lie on the table. 

Mr. Gregg, from the Select Committee of Twenty-one, submitted 
the following Resolutions, as expressive of the sentiments of the meet- 
ing, and an Address to the Southern Rights Associations of the South- 
ern States. 

RESOLUTIONS. 

1. Resolved, That in the opinion of this meeting the State of South 
Carolina cannot submit to the wrongs and aggressions which have 
been perpetrated by the Federal Government and the Northern States 
without dishonor and ruin ; and that it is necessary to relieve herself 
therefrom, whether with or without the co-operation of other Southern 
States. 

2. Resolved, That concert of action with one or more of our sis- 
ter States of the South, whether through the proposed Southern Con- 
gress, or in any other manner, is an object worth many sacrifices, but 
not the sacrifice involved in submission. 

3. Resolved, That we hold the right of secession to be essential to 
the sovereignty and freedom of the States of this Confederacy; and 
that the denial of that right would furnish to an injured State the 
strongest additional cause for its exercise. 

4. Resolved, That this meeting looks with confidence and hope to 
the Convention of the People, to exert the sovereign power of the 
State in defence of its rights, at the earliest practicable period, and in 
the most effectual manner; and to the Legislature, to adopt the most 
speedy and effectual measures towards the same end. 



13 



ADDRESS 

From the Delegates of the Southern Hights Associations of South 
Carolina, assembled in Charleston, to the Southern Bights Associ- 
ations of the other Southern States : 

Having met to take counsel together, and having agreed upon that 
course which we think it right and necessary to pursue, we wish to lay 
before you the considerations by which we have been governed, with 
that frankness which our respect for you, and our desire to merit your 
good opinion, require. 

We regard the position of the Southern States in this Confederacy 
as degraded and ruinous. The manifest tendency of those systematic 
aggressions which they have suffered for many years past is to sub- 
vert the institution of slavery. If those acts of hostile domination, 
which have been rendered more insulting by mockery of language, 
under the terra of a compromise, were final in their nature, and were 
not to be followed by any further aggressions, we should still regard 
them as outrages, to which sovereign States, possessing the spirit of 
freedom, ought never to submit. But those measures only form part 
of a system, gradually commenced, steadily carried forward, gathering 
strength from development, and proceeding with fatal momentum to its 
end. That end is the abolition of negro slavery in the Southern 
States, and the lowering of the free white population of the South to 
the same level with that agrarian rabble, which, already strong and 
dangerous, seems destined, before very long, to be the controlling 
power in the Northern States. We see no remedy and no safety for 
the South in the present Union. But we know that in this we differ 
trom very many citizens of the other Southern States, spirited and in- 
felligent, having the same interests, and suffering under the same 
wrongs with ourselves, and who cherish the hope that the rights of the 
South may be vindicated and secured without dissolving the existing 
Confederacy. In this difference it does not become us to assume to 
dictate, and we hope to stand free from that charge. Up to this time 
the citizens of South Carolina, aware that peculiarity of political posi- 
tion, arising from past events, rendered a certain reserve on their part 
prudent and proper, have studiously avoided every thing which might 
look like assuming the lead in the defence of Southern rights. They 
desired to act, because they believed that safety and honor required 
action ; but they hoped that they might find leaders in other States, 
whom they might follow ia defence of the common cause. When the 



14 

ancient commonwealth of Virginia, the proper leader of the South, 
declared her determination to resist, at all hazards and to the last ex- 
tremity, hostile measures then threatened. South Carolina, with all 
alacrity, stood ready to support Virginia in carrying out her high re- 
solution. When Georgia — whose former resistance to Federal usur- 
pation, under her heroic statesman Troup, gave promise of unflinch- 
ing firmness in any contest in which she might engage — proclaimed 
her determination to make a stand for the rights of the South, South 
Carolina rejoiced at the prospect of rallying under the banner of Geor- 
gia. And when her young and gallant sister, Mississippi, proposed 
the wise measure of a Southern Convention, for the purpose of en- 
deavoring to unite the Southern States in maintaining their constitu- 
tional rights, and at the same time preserving, if possible, the existing 
Union, South Carolina heartily entered into this measure ; and she 
has carried out the recommendation of the Convention so assembled 
at the instance of Mississippi, by providing for the election of dele- 
gates to a Southern Congress, to whose meeting she still looks with 
anxious interest. 

In all these proceedings we think that the citizens of South Caro- 
lina have evinced all proper anxiety to avoid the appearance of arro- 
gance or dictation, to act in concert with the citizens of the other 
Southern States, and to do nothing separately or precipitately. And 
now, strongly as we have expressed our belief that there is no hope 
for the South in the existing Union, we are prepared to give a trial, 
fairly and in good faith, to any effectual plan which may be proposed 
by any sister State of the South, for obtaining redress for the past and 
security for the future, without a dissolution of the existing Union, if 
there be a possibility of such a consummation. 

But we find ourselves forced to consider the ulterior question, what 
we are to do, if we find that there is no reasonable hope of the co- 
operation of any other Southern State in any effectual plan of relief, and 
the alternative is presented to us, of submitting or acting by ourselves. 
And, reluctant as we are to separate ourselves from our natural friends 
and allies, we have made up our minds. We cannot submit We know 
that South Carolina entered this Confederacy as a sovereign and inde- 
pendent State, and that, having been wronged, she has the perfect 
right to withdraw from it. Iler sons must exercise the right and meet 
the consequences. If no other State will join us in relieving our- 
selves from the wrongs already inflicted, we see no hope in waiting for 
new outrages to arouse a higher spirit of resistance. The new out- 
rages, we are well convinced, will come in due time ; but we feel no 
assurance that the spirit of the vassal will rise in proportion to the 



15 

indignities heaped upon his head. On the contrary, we see that the 
South has already borne what it would not for a moment have submit- 
ted to ten years ago, and what the North would not then have ven- 
tured to perpetrate. We are not willing to try the experiment how 
long it will be before our spirit is completely broken, by gradually 
and continually yielding to slow and gradual, but unceasing encroach- 
ments. And if the exercise of the right of secession is to be follow- 
ed by the attempt on the part of the Government of this Confedera- 
cy to subjugate South Carolina, it is better that we should meet that 
attempt while we still have some spirit and some power of resistance 
left. If we are to submit to the condition of a conquered people, we 
think it less dishonorable not to do so until we have first been con- 
quered. And if any thing could add to the necessity which we be- 
lieve exists for a withdrawal from the existing Union, it would be the 
denial of the right of secession. For the denial of that right indi- 
cates of itself extreme danger. The right of secession has heretofore, 
and in better days, been regarded as unquestionable by all Southern 
politicians, with the exception of an inconsiderable number of con- 
solidationists. And if ever that right can be denied without arousing 
the whole South to sustain it, the South will be ripe for the most 
miserable fate which has ever befallen any people. It will then, as a 
permanent sectional minority, have no defence against the tyranny of a 
Government combining all the vices of the corruptest democracy and 
the most oppressive foreign despotism. 

We know the consequences which will follow a failure in our effort 
to maintain our liberty. We see clearly that a triumphant exertion of 
the power of the Federal Government, in subjugating a State, will 
vastly increase that power, and greatly accelerate the change, already 
far advanced, of our federative system into a consolidated central 
despotism. We see, also, that South Carolina will not suffer the con- 
sequences of this change alone, but that the rest of the Southern 
States must suffer in an equal degree. They will have no safeguard 
against the Central Government, strengthened by crushing opposition, 
and rendered, by triumphant force, what our Northern enemies have 
long been endeavoring to make it by fraudulent usurpation — the su- 
preme Government of a consolidated nation. The sovereignty of one 
Southern State cannot be destroyed, without the loss of their sover- 
eignty by all the others. We are aware of the responsibility of doing 
an act which may hasten these consequences. We feel the respect 
which we owe to States having a common interest, threatened by a 
common danger, but not equally persuaded with ourselves of the ne- 
cessity of action. And nothing would induce us to take, without their 



16 

concurrence, a course which is to involve them in its consequences, but 
a thorough conviction of the necessity which urges us, and of our 
right to 'do so, 

Addressing citizens of Southern States, associated to maintain the 
rights of the South, we cannot imagine it to be necessary to argue 
about the right of secession. We hold it to be the great State right, 
without which all others are nugatory and incapable of being enforced ; 
and your position assures us that your faith cannot be different from 
ours. 

Nor can we regard it as necessary any further to discuss the wrongs 
which have been inflicted on the Southern States. They may be de- 
nied by those who shut their eyes to them, but you do not belong to 
that class. Southern and State Rights men may differ as to the ne- 
cessity of exercising the right of secession at a particular time, on ac- 
count of those wrongs. But as certainly as the right exists, each 
State must possess the right of judging for herself as to the occasion 
and time for its exercise. If South Carolina decides that honor and 
safety require her to secede, she has the right to leave the Confedera- 
cy peaceably and without molestation. If the act of secession is not 
permitted to be peaceable, it will be from usurpation of power by the 
Federal Grovernment, not from the nature of the act performed by 
South Carolina. Accustomed as we have been to violations of the 
Constitution, and of the rights of the Southern States by the Federal 
Government, we have to look forward to the probability of another 
outrage by that Government, in the attempt to force the State to re- 
main in the Union. We suppose the attempt will be made, if the 
other Southern States permit it. Those States must decide for them- 
selves whether they will permit it. South Carolina must decide for 
herself whether it is necessary to secede. Her sister States of the 
South will have no right to complain that she forces them into a po- 
sition where they must either interpose to prevent her subjugation, 
or, by consenting to it, abandon their own sovereignty, and lay them- 
selves at the mercy of a despotic power. In seceding, South Carolina 
will simply do an act which all Southern men, who believe in the ex- 
istence of State rights at all, must admit that she has a perfect right 
to do, and which she regards as absolutely necessary. She will be 
acting on her sacred right. She will be acting as she would have to 
act if none of the other Southern States were in existence, and she 
were the only object of aggression by the Northern States and the 
Federal Government. She is not answerable for the usurpations and 
injustice which may be committed against her. And for her sister 
States of the South to ask of her to refrain from an exercise of right 



17 

which she regards as indispensable for self-preservation, would be an 
interference with her free action of a far different character from any 
with which she can be charged towards them. Sovereigns are equals. 
In seceding alone, South Carolina would be placing her sister States 
of the South under no constraint. If they should find themselves in 
a position of constraint, it would come from the action of the Federal 
Government, not of South Carolina. But if they should insist upon 
her refraining from the exercise of her right, and submitting to a con- 
dition which she regards as intolerable, they would make themselves 
parties with the Federal Grovernment, in placing an unjustifiable con- 
straint upon a sovereign and an equal. 

We wish that the necessity for separate action by South Carolina, 
which we have contemplated, may be averted. We confide in the 
gallant spirits whom we address. There may be some hope of the as- 
sembling of a Southern Congress, to devise measures of redress and 
relief, upon which some of the injured States may unite. We have 
heretofore bi^en willing to sacrifice much for Southern Union. We 
still are. We do not desire to lead, but to follow. Propose any ef- 
fectual measures for vindicating our comiron rights, and providing for 
our common safety, and we will heartily unite with you in carrying 
them out. W-e should regret most deeply to incur the censure of 
friends, with whom we have the strongest desire to act in concert. 
But we feel a deep conviction that we have not acted heretofore with 
any precipitation, and that we are in the right in the determination 
which we have formed. The self-abasement of submission appears to 
us unworthy of men still pretending to be free. The gloomy prospect 
of inevitable ruin to follow submission, appears to us more formidable 
than any dangers to be encountered in contending alone, against what- 
ever odds, for our rights. We have come to the deliberate conclusion, 
that if it be our fate to be left alone in the struggle, alone we must 
vindicate our liberty by secession. 

Mr. GrKEGG stated that the Committee would report upon the other 
matters referred to them, and especially in reference to the more per- 
fect organization of the Southern Bights Associations, to-morrow. 

On motion of Gen. J. H. Adams, the Resolutions and Address 
were ordered to lie on the table, and were made the special order of the 
day for to-morrow at 10 o'clock, and ordered to be printed. 

On motion by Mr. Adams, the letter of Mr. Chevks was also or- 
dered to be printed. 

On motion by Mr. Gkegg, the meeting then adjourned until 10 
o'clock to-morrow. 



18 



WEDNESDAY, Mayl, 1851. 

The delegates met pursuant to adjournment. 

Prayers were offered by the Rev. Dr. Hanckkl. 

Mr. W, Pjeronneau Finley, on behalf of the minority of the 
Committee of Twenty-one, submitted the following report, which was 
read : 

The undersigned, the minority of the Committee of Twenty-one, 
dissenting, as they are constrained to do, from the report of the ma- 
jority of the Committee, as involving a departure from the proper ob- 
jects of this meeting, and prematurely making issues not called for by 
the present occasion, beg leave to recommend, as a substitute for said 
report, the resolution submitted by a delegate from Anderson, amended 
so as to read as follows : 

Resolved, That feeling entire confidence in the constitutional organs 
of our State Government, and the wisdom and fidelity of the Conven- 
tion elected under the act passed at the last session of the Legisla- 
ture, we are perfectly willing to leave to them the mode and measure 
of redress for the wrongs we have sufl'ered from the Federal Govern- 
ment, as well as the time of its application ; and, without indicating or 
suggesting the course it behooves them to pursue, we hereby pledge 
ourselves to abide by their action, whether the same shall be for seces- 
sion from the Union with or without the co-operation of the other 
Southern States. W. PERONNEAU FINLEY, 

JAMES CHESNUT,jr. 
P. DELLA TORRE. 

The report was ordered to be printed, and made the order of the 
day immediately after the pending special order should be disposed of. 
The order of the day, being the report of the Committee of Twen- 
ty-one, was taken up, and Col Gregg, the Chairman of the Commit- 
tee, addressed the meeting in its support. 

He was followed by R. A. Gantt, Esq., of Barnwell, and Gen. J. 
H. Adams, of Richland, on the same side; and by Hon. A. P. Butlek 
and Hon. James L. Orr in opposition. 

The meeting then took a recess until 4 o'clock. 



AFTERNOON SESSION. 
The discussion was resumed by Hon. W. F. Colcock in support of 
the recommendations of the Committee, who was followed by Hon. R. 
W. Barnwell in opposition. John A. Calhoun, Esq., next addressed 
the meeting in support of the Report and Resolutions. 



19 

• 

Col. A, P. Hayne then moved an adjournment ; but withdrew it at 
the request of Gen. J. H. Adams, who submitted a resolution that 
the debate on*the report of the Committee should close, and the ques- 
tion be taken, at 9 o'clock to-morrow evening ; which was adopted. 

The meeting then adjourned until 10 o'clock to-morrow morning. 



THURSDAY, May 8, 1851. 
The meeting was opened at 10 o'clock with prayer by the Rev. Dr. 

GiLMAN. 

Mr. Gregg, from the Committee of Twenty-one, made a supple- 
mentary report, which was laid on the table, and ordered to be printed. 

Mr. Gregg then. moved to reconsider the Resolution adopted yes- 
terday for closing debate at 9 P. M., which was agreed to ; and it 
was so amended as to provide for the closing of the debate at three 
o'clock this afternoon. 

The order of the day being the reports of the Committee of Twen- 
ty-one, and of the minority of that Committee, was then taken up. 

Col. A. P. Hayne addressed the meeting at length in support of the 
minority report. 

Ex- Gov. W, B. Seabrook followed in strong support of the re- 
commendations of the report of the Committee. 

Hon. Joseph A. Black followed in a brief and forcible argument 
on the same side. 

Mr. L. S. Badger, of the " Hornet's Nest," (N. C.,) in some eloquent 
remarks, returned his thanks for the terms of respect and kindness in 
which North Carolina had been so frequently alluded to in the meeting. 

Mr. J. B. McCall, in some brief remarks, advocated the adoption 
of the report of the Committee. 

Mr. Gregg, the Chairman of the Committee §f Twenty- one, closed 
the debate, by reviewing and replying to the various arguments that 
had been urged against the report of the Committee. 

The meeting: then took a recess until 4 o'clock. 



AFTERNOON SESSION 

The Resolutions and Address of the Committee of Twenty- ons 
were then taken up ; when 



20 

lion. J. L. Our moved the resolution reported by the minority as a 
substitute, as follows : 

Resolved, That feeling entire confidence in the constitutional organs 
of our State Government, and the wisdom and fidelity of the Conven- 
tion elected under the act passed at the last session of the Legisla- 
ture, we are perfectly willing to leave to them the mode and measure 
of redress for the wrongs we have suffered from the Federal Govern- 
ment, as well as the time of its application ; and, without indicating 
or suggesting the course it behooves them to pursue, we hereby pledge 
ourselves to abide by their action, whether the same shall be for se- 
cession from the Union with or without the co-operation of the other 
Southern States. 

The motion was rejected by an overwhelming majority. 

The resolutions of the Committee were then taken up, and were 
voted on separately, as follows : 

1. Resolved, That in the opinion of this meeting the State of 
South Carolina cannot submit to the wrongs and aggressions which 
have been perpetrated by the Federal Government and the Northern 
States without dishonor and ruin ; and that it is necessary to relieve 
herself therefrom, whether with or without the co-operation of other 
Southern States. 

This resolution was adopted with but very few dissenting voices. 

2. Resolved, That concert of action with one or more of our sister 
States of the South, whether through the proposed Southern Congress, 
or in any other manner, is an object worth many sacrifices, but not the 
sacrifice involved in submission. 

Adopted unanimously, and ordered to be so entered on the journal. 

3. Resolved, That we hold the right of secession to be essential to 
the sovereignty and freedom of the States of this Confederacy, and 
that the denial of that right would furnish to an injured State the 
strongest additional cause for its exercise. 

Adopted unanimously, and ordered to be so entered on the journal. 

4. Resolved, That this meeting looks with confidence and hope to 
the Convention of the People, to exert the sovereign power of the 
State in defence of its rights, at the earliest practicable period and in 
the most effectual manner ; and to the Legislature, to adopt the most 
speedy and effectual measures towards the same end. 

This resolution was adopted with scarcely any voices in the 
negative. 

The question was then taken on the adoption of the Address, and 
it was adopted with but one dissenting voice. 



21 

Hon. William H. Gisr, of Union, submitted the following reso- 
lution : 

Resolved, That this meeting is not disposed to separate from those 
who express a willingness to abide the fate of the State ; that we 
cordially accept their pledge to sustain the action of the Constitu- 
tional Convention, and that we have an abiding confidence that South 
Carolina will present an undivided front to her enemies. 

The resolution was adopted unanimously, and with great ap- 
plause. 

The supplementary report of the Committee of Twenty-one was 
then taken up, and was read as follows • 

The Committee of Twenty-one beg leave to report that they have 
considered the subject of the best mode of providing for the more per- 
fect and efficient organization of the Southern Rights Associations of 
South Carolina, and respectfully recommend the adoption of the fol- 
lowing resolutions as appropriate for that purpose. 

Regarding these resolutions, in addition to those already reported, as 
embracing all that is at present necessary for the action of this meet- 
ing, the Committee respectfully ask to be discharged from the further 
consideration of the various propositions referred to them. 

RESOLUTIONS. 

1. Resolved, That this meeting of Delegates from the District As- 
sociations do now form itself into a Central Southern Rights Associa- 
tion of the State of South Carolina, preserving its organization under 
the same officers. 

2. Resolved, That the Central Southern Rights Association of the 
State of South Carolina do consist hereafter of Delegates appointed 
by the several District Associations, in the proportion of twice as 
many Delegates as the number of Senators and Representatives to 
which each election district is entitled ; and that it meet semi-annual- 
ly, at such place as may be designated by the presiding officer: the 
present delegates continuing members until a new appointment by the 
several District Associations. 

3. Resolved, That a Central Committee for the Southern Rights 
Associations of South Carolina be appointed by the President of this 
body, to consist of nine members, whose duty it shall be, by corres- 
pondence, by publishing and circulating sound documents, and by all 
proper means, to promote the common cause ; and that any member of 
any District Association in the State shall be eligible as a member of 
the said committee. 



22 

4. Eesohed, That the Central Committee be authorized to appoint 
a Secretary arid a Treasurer, and to take all such measures as may be 
proper to provide for all necessary expenditures. 

Mr. W. H. Trescott moved to strike out the first resolution ; which 
was opposed by Mr, Wright, of Laurens ; and, the question being 
taken, the motion was rejected by a great majority. 

The report was then unanimously concurred in. 

Mr. Torre addressed the Chair, (temporarily occupied by Ex-Gov. 
W. B. Seabeook,) and expressed his high gratification at the order 
and decorum which had characterized the proceedings of the ireet- 
ing, and the courtesy and kindness which had marked the intercourse 
of its members. This union and harmony was a bright harbinger of 
the spirit which would animate them when the time for action had ar- 
rived ; when every Carolinian, forgetful of minor diff'erences of opin- 
ion, would rally around the flag of their common mother in defence of 
her honor and interests. The harmony which had marked their de- 
liberations, the meeting would willingly bear testimony, was largely 
contributed to by the dignity and courtesy of their presiding officer, 
and, as expressive of the sense of the meetings he off"ered the fol- 
lowing resolution ; which was unanimously adopted : 

Resolved, That the thanks of the Convention be presented to the 
Hon. John P. Richardson for the urbanity, dignity and impair 
tiality with which be has presided over its deliberations. 

The President, having resumed the Chair, expressed his high ap- 
preciation of the compliment which had just been paid him by the 
meeting, and, in warm and eloquent language, urged a continuance 
of that kindness and forbearance which had so eminently distinguish- 
ed the deliberations of the meeting, to the end that when the time 
for action arrived, they might be able, as one man, to unite in vindi- 
cating the honor and maintaining the rights of our beloved State. 

On motion of Mr. Boylston, it was 

Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention are hereby returned 
to the Committee of Arrangements and the Southern Rights Asso- 
ciation of St. Philips and St. Michaels for the able and efficient man- 
ner in which they have discharged the duty assigned thorn in providing 
for the accommodation and comfort of this Convention. 

On motion of Hon. John Buchanan, it was 

Resolved, That the profound acknowledgments and thanks of this 
meeting are due to the Reverend the Clergy who have officiated at its 
sittings. 

On motion of Hon. John Buchanan, it was 

Resolved, That the thanks of this meeting are due to its Secretaries re. 



23 



spectively for their fidelity and ability shown in the discharge of their 
duties. 

On motion of Hon. John Buchanan, it was 

Resolved, That the thanks of this meeting be tendered to the 
Board of Field Officers, 4th Brigade, for the use of their hall, gene- 
rously and cordially furnished during its present session. 

Prayer was then offered by the Eev. Mr. Bowman, and the meeting 
adjourned sine die. 

J. P. RICHARDSON, President. 

1 



W. H. Campbell, 
C. A. Pkice, 
T. B. Frazer, 
A. Simkxns, 
CD. Melton, 
J. C. Walker, 



\ Secretaries. 



LIST OF DELEGATES. 



ABBEVILLE. 



Thomas C. Perrin, 
John A. Calhoun, 
Joel Smith, 
Andrew Giles, 
J. Foster Marshall, 
a. W. Hodges, 
H. A. Jones, 
Jas. Gillani, 
J. H. Wilson, 
J. W. Hearst, 



J. H. Wideman, 
.1. F. Livingston, 
J. G. Bask'in, 
J. J. Wardlaw, 
N. H. Miller, 
Edward Noble, 
F. W. Selleck, 
J. P. Barrett, 
F. W. Conner, 
Dr. J. Lo2;an, 



GREENWOOD. 



Jas. Gillara, 
J. A. Calhoun, 
Joel Smith, 
Dr. J. Logan, 



J. D. Magill, 



J. L. Orr, 

R. A. Maxwell, 

A. E. Thompson, 

S. McCully, 



A. Giles, 
Edw. Noble. 
J. H. Wilson. 



ALL SAINTS. 



J. H. Tucker. 



ANDERSON. 



J. W. Harrison, 
F. H. McCann, 
F. Rice. 



BARNWELL. 



J. M. Hutson, 
B. S. Sweat, 
L. O'Bannon, 
N. G. W. Walker, 
P. G. Bowman, 
J. M. Allen, 



J. C. Ilagood, 
J. J. Maher, 
G. R. Dunbar, 
J. G. W. Duncan, 
Z. G. Graham, 
W. J. Mixon, 



26 



B. F. Peeples, 
D. Busb, 
M. 11. Stansell, 
P. H. Allen, 

Walker, 

J. D. Hogg, 
D. Dowling, 
R. Kirkland, 
J. E. Robinson, 
Gr. Evans, 
0. P. Hay. 

Dr. A. J. Verdier, 
J. J. Stoney. 



J. J. Holland, 
Gr. M. Moye, 
Angus Patterson, 
H B. Ptice, 
J. D. Allen, 
J. Aaron, 
J. Gr. Brown, 
II. A. Gantt, 
J. T. Schmidt, 
Johnson Haaiood. 



BLUFFTON. 



Wm. J. Pope. 



CHESTER. 



J. B. McCully, 
J. L. Douglass, 
J. A. Bradley, 
C. D. Melton, 
J. Dunovaut, jr. 



A. Q. Dunovant, 
W. H. Stringfellow, 
C. T. Scaife, 
N. R. Eaves, 
David Wilson, 
L. A. Beckham, 

CHESTERFIELD. 

A. Williams, J. Gardner, 

J. McQueen, J. S. Miller, 

E. B. C. Cash, J. C. Pervis, 

W. L. T. Prince, J. T. Coit. 
L. B. Bruice, 



CHRIST CHURCH. 



A. Hibben, 
W. McCants, 
A. V. Toomer, 
Daniel Legare, 



J. Gregorie, 
H. V. Toomer, 
J. T. H. White. 



CLAREMONT. 



Dr. W. W. Anderson, 
Col S. Sumter, 
Col. W. Nettles, 
M. JMoses, 
A. C. Spain, 
T. B. Frazer, 



Ezra Pugh, 

J. W. Brownfied, 

James Rembert, 

J. S. Bradley, 

J. T. Green, 

J. C. Ilaynesworth. 



CLARENDON. 



Dr. James McCauley, 
W. L. Reynolds, 
S. W. Witherspoon, 
R. P. Haynesworth, 
.Toel Green, 
J. P. Richardson, 



W. S. Nelson, 

M. M. Benbow, 

C. Richardson, 

W. P. Stark, 

J. P. Richardson, jr., 

F. D. Richardson. 



27 



DARLINGTON. 



I. D. Wilson, 
R. Rogers, 
C. H. Nettles, 
J. H. Norwood, 
J. M, Tirainons, 
J.E. Byrd, 



J. J. Carter, 

J. F. Wilson, 

J. E. Dargan, 

J. Green, 

W. H. Evans, 

T. ]}. Hayuesworth. 



EDGEFIELD. 



Col. J. Bausketfc, 
Arthur Simkins, 
W. C. M. Hammond, 
M. W. Clary, 
J. Cammeron, 
Wade Holstein, 
W. W. Adams, 
Thomas G. Bacon, 
Dr. R. T. Mims, 
James Sheppard, 
Mathew Gray, 
T. P. 3Ia<Trath, 
Dr. J. C. Reedy, 



Col. S. Christie, 
Z. W. Carwile. 
R. C. Griffin, 
Col. G. D. Mims, 
John Huiet, 
Thomas Lake, 
Lod Hill, 
Thomas G. Key, 
N. L. Griffin, 
James Jones, 
George A. Addison, 
Jas. M. Richardson, 
Robt. Meriwether. 



FAIRFIELD, 



J. Buchanan, 
W. S. Lyies, 
T. S. Dubose, 
R. B. Boylston, 
J. Elliott, 
N. A. Peay, 
W. J. Allston, 
S. H, Owens, 
H. K. Aiken, 
AVm. M. Bratton, 
E. G. Palmer, jr. 
W. A. Player, 
T. C. Means, 
J. R. Mc Master, 
W. R. Robertson, 
H. H. Clark, 
J. Z. Hammond, 
S. G. Barkley, 



J. L. Young, 

C. H. Durham, 
J. R.Aiken, 

D. Gaillard, 
W. W. Boyce, 
B. P. Ravenel, 
Jos. Kennedy, 
R. E. Ellison, 
J.E. Peay, 

W. B. IMcCreight, 
J. B. McCall, 

E. G, Palmer, sr., 
J. M. Buchanan, 
J. D. Strother, 
T. T. Robertson, 
J. Harrison, 

E, F. Lvles. 



GREENVILLE. 



Tandy Walker, 
T. P. Butler, 
J. Crittenden, 
A. B. Cook, 
G. M. Gunnells, 



W. McNeilly, 
W. Choice, 
0. B. Irvine, 
W. H. Campbell. 



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29 



OKANGEBURG 

D. F. Jamison, W. J. Kcitt, 

W. M. Hut son, A. Ott, 

Artemas T. Darby, 0. M. Dantzler, 

L. M. Keitt, " H. Tnabinet, 

Artemas T. Goodwyn, D. J. Hanc, 

John S. Jennin.os, M. Robinson, 

John Jordan, jr', James W. Taylor, 

T.Oliver, T. J. Glover. 

D. J. Rumph, T. B. Whaley, 

A. Amacker, John E. Carew. 
J. D. Rumph, 

PICKENS 
J. A. Easley, 

PRINCE WILLIA]M. 

B. McBride, Jas. Cuthbcrt, 
W. F. Hutson, Wm. Williams. . 
G. C. Mackay, 

PRINCE GEORGE WINYAII. 

Dr. Charles Williams, Gabriel Manigault, 

Dr. A. M. Foster, J. R. Easterling, 

Dr. Edward S. Harrington, R. Dozier. 
RICHLAND. 

Hon. R. B. Rhett, J. S. Scott, 

Hon. P. Butler, John Scott, 

W. D. DeSaussure, D. D. Fenley, 

James U. Adams, N. B. Hill, 

C. Bookter. Howell Edmunds, 
A. H. Gladden, Wm. Wallace, 
Maxcy Gregg, W. B. Carlisle, 
Gen. J. H. Adams, W. B. Johnston, 
S. S. MeCully, R. P. Mayrant, 
J. H. Kinsler, John D.Frost, 
Hon. Joseph A. Black, I. C. Morgan, 

R. H. Goodwyn, T. W. Kennedy, 

AVm. Reynolds, B. F. Taylor. 
A. H. Porcher, 

ST. ANDREWS. 

Geo. Haige, W. H. Rivers, 

T. L. Burden, W. McLeod. 
E. M. Clarke, 

ST. BARTHOLOMEWS. 

R. B. Bedon, Dr. R. L. North, 

Dr. Thomas Lining, Chas. E. Miller, 

J. W. Oswald, Josiah B. Perry, 

Josiah Murdough, R. Raysor. 



30 



ST. HELENA. 

Dr. J. A. P. Scott, W. H. Trescott, 

Jos. D. Pope, W. H Cuthbert, 

Edmund Ehett, Col. B. J. Johnson. 

ST. JOHNS AND ST. STEPHENS. 



Samuel Foxworth, 
Henry F. Porcher, 
P. P. Pal ner, 
S. W. Palmer. 



James Ferguson, 
Samuel Porcher, 
John S. Palmer, 
P. P. Bonneau, 
P. Gr. Snowden, 

ST. JOHNS COLLETON. 
Hugh Wilson, sr. John Jenkins, 

Paul C. Grimball, G. W. Seabrook, 

Major W. M. Murray, John Jenkins, jr. 

ST. LUKES. 



W. F. Colcock. 
• S. ^Y. Pickling, 
Dr. W. D. Giliison, 



R. J. Devant, 
J. H. Scriven. 



ST. PETERS. 



John S. Manor, 
A. M. Ruth, 
Isidore Lartigue, 

ST. PHILIP AND ST. 

Hon. John S. Ashe, 
Hon. Alex. Mazyck, 
Hon. W. D. Porter, 
Hon. James Simons, 
Hon. R. W. Barnwell, 
H. W. Peronneau, 
John L. Nowell, 
Charles T. I^owndes, 
W. P. Finley, 
James Rose, 
Robt. W. Hare, 
James M. Caldwell, 
Henry Gourdin, 
Wra E. Martin, 
M. I. Keith, 
Wm. Laval, 
Nelson Mitchell, 



D. H. Hamilton, 
Wra. J. Lawton. 

MICHAELS. 

G. N. Reynolds, jr. 
P. Delia Torre, 
J. F. Poppenheim, 
Wm. M. Lawton, 
John C. Walker, 
Wm. Lobby, 
Abraham Tobias, 
G. A. Trenholm, 
W. Middleton, 
Daniel Heyward, 
A. M. Manigault, 
J. M. Clapp, 
Wm. Blanding, 
A. J. White, 
Col. A. P. Hayne, 
S. L. Bowie, 
J. P. Richardson. 



J. F. Gist, 
J. A. JMetts, 
T. B. Rutherford, 
W. K. Sims, 
R. J. Gage, 



UNION. 



J. Wright, 
J. N. Gadberry, 
J. S. Sims, 
W. H. Gist, 
Z. P. Herndon. 



Jl 



WILLIAMSBURG. 

E. J. Gordon, N. M. Graham, 

J. W. Keels, J. Bradley, 

W. S. Boyd. H. Dubose, 

S. T. Cooper, W. C. Barr. 

YORK. 

L. S. Badger, of N. C. J. M. Lowry, 

C. P. Sandefer. W. Moore, 

T. B. Black, E. Gunning. 
W. B. Wilson, 

INDIAN LAND, (York District.) 

Hon. W. B. Seabrook, C. F. Clausson, 

Hon. A. P. Butler, J. H. AVlnte, 

J. V. Avery, J. D. White. 
J. W, Rawlinson, 



Note. — The Secretaries ask indulgence for any omissions of names 
or other inaccuracies which may have occurred, inasmuch as no time 
was allowed for perfecting the list of Delegates. 








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